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Assistive Reproductive Technologies (ART)



Intrauterine Insemination

  • sperm sample is given and the lab separates sperm from semen in order to prepare the sperm in a special culture medium; less active sperm are often removed
  • sperm can be frozen for later or injected fresh into the uterus via a catheter
  • often this is used in conjunction with fertility drugs such as clomiphene citrate (Clomid), Repronex, Gonal-F or Follistim
  • this treatment is indicated when there are mild sperm problems, cervical factors or unexplained fertility
  • the cost is much lower than the other ART procedures
  • success rates range from 10-25%

Intracervical Insemination (ICI)

  • semen is injected into the cervix with a catheter
  • usually less effective
  • indicated for young couples who have sexual or intercourse related problems

In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)

  • mature eggs are taken from the ovaries and then fertilized with sperm in the lab
  • in women under 35, only about 10 - 12 eggs are retrieved
  • for fertilization, eggs and sperm are put in a petri dish and incubated over night
  • if the sperm does not fertilize the egg an intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) will be done; the sperm is injected into the egg using a pipette
  • after 3-5 days of fertilization 2-4 pre-embryos are transferred back to the uterus and the rest are frozen for future attempts
  • the cost of this procedure is typically $10 000 to $15 000




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